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Glossary

Technology, explained clearly. Find a term, choose a letter or narrow the topic. Definitions include sources and their review date.

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DArtificial intelligence

DALL·E

An OpenAI model family developed to generate images from descriptions. It is not a generic name for every image generator. Check documentation for version availability; OpenAI's offering also includes GPT Image models.

Definition and sources
DBlockchain

DAO

An organisation using smart contracts and agreed voting mechanisms for governance. Decentralisation depends on voting distribution and permissions. Code does not eliminate human decisions, software risks or legal obligations.

Definition and sources
DBlockchain

dApps

Applications using decentralised infrastructure, often blockchain and smart contracts. Interfaces, hosting and other components may remain centralised. The dApp label does not guarantee security or complete decentralisation.

Definition and sources
DInternet

Darknet

An overlay network requiring special software or access configuration. It is not synonymous with all unindexed content and has both lawful and unlawful uses.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

Data lake

A repository storing varied data, often before final analytical modelling. It needs cataloguing and quality controls; collecting files alone does not create useful analytics.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

Data science

A field combining data analysis, statistics and programming to produce useful insights. It includes data preparation and evaluation, not just model training.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

Database

An organised collection of data managed by a database system. Data models, queries and consistency rules affect application behaviour and future development.

Definition and sources
DProgramming / Websites

Date format

A convention for representing dates and times. The value 2026-10-14T10:00:00+02:00 includes a date, time and UTC offset. RFC 3339 supports data exchange; a local display format may differ.

Definition and sources
DServers / Websites

DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service)

An attack using traffic from multiple sources to exhaust resources and disrupt legitimate access. Defence may require upstream filtering and distributed infrastructure. An application firewall alone cannot handle every kind of DDoS.

Definition and sources
DServers

Debian

A community-developed operating-system distribution. It provides packages and updates; release-branch choice affects stability, available versions and support.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

Debugging

Systematically finding the cause of a software defect. It includes reproduction, observation and fix verification; random code changes are not a substitute.

Definition and sources
DBlockchain

DeFi

Financial services built on blockchain and smart contracts, such as lending and exchange. They reduce some traditional intermediaries but introduce other dependencies. Risks include contract bugs, liquidity and external data sources.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

Deployment

Releasing an application version into an environment. It involves configuration, data compatibility and post-change checks, not merely uploading files.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

DevOps

An approach bringing software development and operations teams together through collaboration, automation, feedback and continuous delivery. DevOps is not a compulsory tool list or one strictly specified methodology.

Definition and sources
DProgramming

DevSecOps

Integrating security throughout software development and operations. It combines team responsibility, risk analysis and automated checks. Scanning helps find problems but does not itself establish product security.

Definition and sources
DSocial media

Direct message

A direct message between platform users. Private describes limited visibility but alone confirms neither end-to-end encryption nor confidentiality from the operator.

Definition and sources
DServers

DirectAdmin

A hosting administration panel for domains, email and accounts. Available functionality depends on permissions and server configuration.

Definition and sources
DInternet

DMARC

A domain policy evaluating SPF or DKIM alignment with the sender domain and requesting handling. The p=none policy monitors rather than requests rejection.

Definition and sources
DDomains / Servers

DNS (Domain Name System)

A hierarchical, distributed naming system. DNS records can identify IP addresses, mail servers and other information. A domain need not correspond to one website or server; DNS answers are also cached.

Definition and sources